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1 期 吴举秀等：强降雹超级单体风暴湍流结构的双偏振回波特征分析 149
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Analysis of Dual Polarization Characteristics of Turbulent

Structure from Hail Supercell Storms

WU Juxiu ， WEI Ming ， DIAO Xiuguang ， PAN Jiawen 4
1
3
2
（1. Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Shandong， Atmospheric Sounding
Technology Support Center， Shandong Meteorological Burea， Jinan 250031， Shandong， China；
2. Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters，
NUIST， Nanjing 210044， Jiangsu， China；
3. Shandong Meteorological Bureau， Jinan 250031， Shandong， China；
4. Xiamen Key Laboratory of Straits Meteorology， Xiamen Meteorological Bureau， Xiamen 361012， Fujian， China.）

Abstract： Convective storms transmit momentum through turbulence， so it is important to understand the echo
characteristics of turbulence structure in severe convective storms. Focusing on the velocity spectrum width
above 5 m·s ， the turbulent intensity of two strong hailstorm supercells with different intensity of mesocyclones
-1
are analyzed， and the relationship between airflow structure and turbulence enhancement are revealed. The re‐
sults show that： （1） The strong hail supercell has moderate or above intensity turbulence in the strong updraft re‐
gion， and the supercell triggered by the gust front also shows moderate intensity spectrum width in the inflow
path， indicating the possibility of moderate intensity turbulence.（2） In general， the strongest turbulence occurs
in the region with the largest velocity shear intensity. The maximum spectrum width of the supercell with moder‐
ate intensity mesocyclone is about 10 ms ， with differential reflectivity factor （Z ） within 1dB， echo intensity
-1
DR
exceeding 35 dBZ， and larger differential phase shift rate （K ）. The strong turbulence region of the supercell
DP
with strong mesocyclone is mainly located at the intersection of positive and negative velocities at the top of Z
DR
column， and the spectral width near the mesocyclone can reach 16. 5 m·s ， and the side near the strong echo
-1
core contains more supercooled water， with about 0. 96 of correlation coefficient （CC） and large K . While， the
DP
echo intensity on the other side is slightly lower， with CC low to 0. 85， where graupel particles and large rain‐
drops brought by updraft exist. These regions of strong turbulence indicate the path of momentum transmission.
（3） The upper part of the supercell storm has the strongest turbulence， both updrafts and downdrafts are strong，
but the turbulence is stronger near the downdrafts that probably related to horizontal shear of the wind， where the
highest spectrum width for strong mesocyclone is 17. 5 m·s ， and Z is higher than that in the updraft and K is
-1
DP
DR
-1
negative， but K is about 0 （°）·km and Z is about 0 dB in the updrafts， however， spectrum width of the
DP
DR
storm with moderate mesocyclone increases slightly. Strong mesocyclone supercell has stronger turbulence en‐
hancement， and these discussions provide a reference for understanding the turbulence structure and momentum
transmission of severe storms by dual-polarization radar observation.
Key words： Supercell storm； spectrum width； turbulence； dual polarization characteristics