Page 155 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第10期

第 46 卷 第 10 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 46, No. 10
2026 年 10 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES Oct., 2026

DOI：10.11883/bzycj-2025-0095

大当量多点聚集爆炸成坑效应的真空室

模拟试验系统 *

梁益帆，徐小辉，郭 纬，徐天涵，陈亮羽，纪玉国，时本军

（陆军工程大学爆炸冲击防灾减灾国家重点实验室，江苏 南京 210007）

摘要： 针对传统单点模拟难以复现此类多点协同毁伤爆炸成坑效应的难题，创新性地设计并开发了基于真空室
的大当量多点聚集爆炸成坑效应模拟试验系统。该系统的核心创新点在于利用真空室模拟试验技术可以高效、快捷
的模拟大当量多点爆炸成坑效应，并且试验成本低，试验结果可重复。基于真空室爆炸模拟理论，建立了大当量多点
聚集爆炸成坑效应的相似律，确定了真空室压力、多点模拟爆腔压力等关键参数，并通过同步性试验验证了多爆源之
间的同步性。以“Palanquin”地下核爆炸成坑原型试验为参照，开展了深埋（4.3 kt，埋深 85 m）与浅埋（5 kt，埋深 20 m）
两组不同工况下的三点爆源真空室爆炸成坑模拟试验，并与单点爆炸成坑原型试验统计结果及经验公式进行了对
比。结果表明：相较于单点爆炸，多点爆炸显著提升了成坑半径、体积及自由面投影面积，极大扩展了毁伤区域；爆源
埋深对毁伤效应影响显著。
关键词： 多点聚集爆炸；真空室模拟试验；地下爆炸成坑效应；相似律
中图分类号： O383; O389 国标学科代码： 13035 文献标志码： A

Vacuum chamber simulation test system for large-yield multi-point
concentrated explosion cratering effects

LIANG Yifan, XU Xiaohui, GUO Wei, XU Tianhan, CHEN Liangyu, JI Yuguo, SHI Benjun
（State Key Laboratory of Explosion & Impact and Disaster Prevention & Mitigation, Army Engineering University of PLA,
Nanjing 210007, Jiangsu, China）

Abstract: The multi-point focused explosions of new low-yield earth-penetrating nuclear weapons pose a serious threat to
deep underground engineering projects. Addressing the challenge that traditional single-point simulations struggle to replicate
the cratering effects of such multi-point synergistic damage, and considering that current explosive testing, while efficient,
faces significant limitations hindering normal operations, research innovatively designs and develops a vacuum chamber-based
simulation test system for large-yield multi-point focused explosion cratering effects. The core innovation lies in applying
similarity theory to convert prototype tests into simulated tests. The vacuum chamber simulation technology enables efficient
and rapid simulation of large-yield multi-point explosion cratering effects, with low experimental costs and repeatable results.
Based on vacuum chamber explosion simulation theory, the similarity laws governing large-yield multi-point focused
explosion cratering were established, defining key parameters such as vacuum chamber pressure and multi-point simulated
blast cavity pressure. Synchronization tests verified the simultaneity of multiple explosive sources. Referencing the
underground nuclear test, we conducted vacuum chamber simulations for three-point sources under deep burial (4.3 kt, 85 m
depth) and shallow burial (5 kt, 20 m depth) scenarios, comparing results with single-point explosion prototype data and
empirical formulas. Through synchronization tests and three-point explosive source cratering tests, differences in cratering
parameters under varying burial depths and yields were quantitatively analyzed. This revealed a significant advantage in

* 收稿日期： 2025-03-25；修回日期： 2025-07-25
基金项目： 国家自然科学基金（12072371）；江苏省自然科学基金（BK20221528）
第一作者： 梁益帆（1998－ ），男，博士研究生，849203660@qq.com
通信作者： 徐小辉（1983－ ），男，博士，副教授，304837845@qq.com

104101-1