Page 77 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第9期
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第 46 卷 张世文,等: 空心炸药爆炸加载下单双层金属柱壳的膨胀断裂行为 第 9 期
(1) 与实心炸药爆轰加载相比,空心炸药爆轰加载下,单层柱壳靠近外表面部分更容易产生层裂。
在爆轰加载持续驱动下,单层柱壳剩余残片经过较短时间就能迅速追上层裂柱壳并产生二次冲击加
载。双层柱壳的外层柱壳在一次加载后由于内外层界面无法承受拉伸应力,与内层柱壳分离,开始自由
径向膨胀,内层柱壳继续在爆轰加载下经过较长时间才能追上外层柱壳,甚至有可能在监测时间段无法
追上外层柱壳,单、双层膨胀实验现象中二次加载时间差异显著。
(2) 单、双层柱壳的速度差异暗含了柱壳膨胀断裂过程不同:双层柱壳的过早分离阻碍了裂纹从内
至外的贯通过程,延缓了柱壳整体的裂纹贯通直至完全断裂。双层柱壳的外层膨胀断裂时爆轰产物泄
漏时间晚,破片尺寸明显小于单层柱壳破裂尺寸。
(3) 数值模拟分析表明,单层柱壳的层裂强度越高,二次加载时剩余残片追上层裂片的时间越短,由
内向外的裂纹扩展路径不容易被阻碍,越容易发生贯穿性断裂,反之亦然,在合适位置出现的无法承受
拉应力的双层柱壳界面阻挡裂纹贯穿性发展的效果越显著。
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