Page 182 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第4期

第 46 卷 吴 昊，等： 落石冲击框架T梁式RC棚洞损伤破坏评估 第 4 期

落石冲击铺设砂垫层棚洞的临界冲击速度随垫层厚度的增大而提高；对于小质量落石（m≤7 t）和大质量
落石（m＞32 t），设计时应分别优先采用砂垫层和砂-EPE 复合垫层；对于中等质量落石（7 t＜m≤32 t），当
设防冲击速度大于复合垫层的临界冲击速度时，选择砂垫层，反之选择复合垫层。
(5) 相较板式 RC 棚洞，T 梁式 RC 棚洞由于施工方式和构件连接存在差异，如板式和 T 梁式棚洞顶
板的施工方式分别为整体现浇和预制拼装，在落石冲击下的损伤破坏呈现以下特点：预制整体式 T 梁拼
接处普遍出现通长裂缝；T 梁底部与纵梁以及内墙的搭接处由于应力集中出现严重损伤；T 梁顶部与内
墙锚固处受拉出现混凝土剥落和钢筋裸露。建议对这些区域进行加固，以提高框架 T 梁式 RC 棚洞整体
的抗冲击性能。

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