Page 170 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第2期
P. 170
第 46 卷 第 2 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 46, No. 2
2026 年 2 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES Feb., 2026
DOI:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0497
爆炸应力波在梯度介质中的可视化传播 *
张渊通 ,杨仁树 ,陈 程 ,许 鹏 ,于冰冰 ,王 波 ,周 冰 2
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(1. 北京科技大学土木与资源环境工程学院,北京 100083;
2. 中国矿业大学(北京)力学与土木工程学院,北京 100083;
3. 北方工业大学土木工程学院,北京 100144)
摘要: 层状复合岩体广泛存在于矿山开采、隧道开挖以及边坡治理等工程领域,其内部强度往往呈梯度变化。
通过环氧树脂材料模拟层状复合岩体,利用动态光弹性-数字图像相关综合实验系统对爆炸应力波在梯度介质中的传
播过程进行可视化和精细化分析,研究爆炸应力波在正向梯度和反向梯度 2 种情况下的衰减规律和能流密度演化规
律,通过对比动态光弹条纹直观分析在不同传播路径下的透反射特征,通过数字图像相关法定量分析爆炸应力波衰减
速度的差异。结果表明:爆炸应力波在正向传播路径中的条纹级数没有明显变化,在节理面处有明显的反射,在反向
传播路径中的条纹级数呈衰减趋势,在节理面处动光弹条纹具有很好的连续性,爆炸应力波在反向梯度介质中具有更
好的穿透性。梯度介质中节理和材料的改变使水平应力衰减的速度发生改变,在正向梯度介质中水平应力的衰减速
度更快。通过引入坡印廷矢量对其能流密度进行比较,发现在相同测点处,正向梯度材料中能流密度的衰减速度更
快,爆炸应力波在正向梯度材料中的传播过程属于吸能过程。
关键词: 爆炸应力波;能流密度;动态条纹级数;数字图像相关法;梯度材料
中图分类号: O383; TD235 国标学科代码: 13035 文献标志码: A
Visual propagation of explosion stress waves in gradient media
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ZHANG Yuantong , YANG Renshu , CHEN Cheng , XU Peng , YU Bingbing , WANG Bo , ZHOU Bing 2
(1. School of Resource and Safety Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China;
3. School of Civil Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China)
Abstract: Layered composite rock masses are widely found in mining, tunnel excavation, and slope stabilization engineering,
representing a common geological structure in nature. Due to their formation conditions, the internal strength of layered
composite rock masses often exhibits gradient variations. This study simulates layered composite rock masses using epoxy
resin materials and employs a dynamic photoelasticity-digital image correlation integrated experimental system to conduct a
visualized, detailed analysis of the propagation process of explosive stress waves in gradient media. To investigate the
attenuation patterns and energy flux density evolution of explosive stress waves under both forward and reverse gradient
conditions. By comparing the dynamic photoelastic stripe patterns, the study visually analyzes the transmission and reflection
characteristics under different propagation paths, and uses digital image correlation to quantitatively assess the differences in
the attenuation rates of explosive stress waves. The results indicate that the fringe order of the explosive stress wave remains
unchanged in the forward propagation path, with significant reflection at the joint surface. In the reverse propagation path, the
fringe order exhibits a decaying pattern, and the dynamic photoelastic fringes maintain good continuity at the joint surface. The
explosive stress wave demonstrates better penetration in reverse gradient media. Changes in joints and materials within
* 收稿日期: 2024-12-22;修回日期: 2025-08-08
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51934001,52227805)
第一作者: 张渊通(1993- ),男,博士,讲师,zhangyt@ustb.edu.cn
通信作者: 杨仁树(1963- ),男,博士,教授,yrs@cumtb.edu.cn
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