Page 141 - 《爆炸与冲击》2025年第6期

第 45 卷 第 6 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 45, No. 6
2025 年 6 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES Jun., 2025

DOI：10.11883/bzycj-2024-0414

不同倾角充填节理对岩石爆破块度的影响 *

陶 明 ，曹 峥 ，赵 瑞 ，刘玉龙 ，李夕兵 1
1
1
2
1
（1. 中南大学资源与安全工程学院，湖南 长沙 410083；
2. 中广核铀业发展有限公司，北京 100029）
摘要： 为了理解节理与爆炸应力波之间的相互作用，并优化节理岩体的爆破参数，通过试验与数值模拟相结合的
方式研究不同节理倾角对爆破块度的影响：采用一组含有不同角度节理的混凝土模型试样开展爆破试验，在试样竖直
孔中装填雷管并爆破，使用高速摄像机记录试样爆破破碎过程，观测起爆后不同时刻节理面的动态响应；利用图像处
理方法进行爆破块度提取，分析节理倾角对爆破块度的影响；采用 LS-DYNA 有限元数值模拟获得应力波的传播过程
以及应变场的演变过程。试验与数值计算结果表明：节理对爆破块度分布及应力波传播有显著影响，该影响主要源于
爆炸应力波在节理处的反射，这与节理的变形特性有关；随着节理倾角增大，爆破块度先减小后增大，节理中的有效应
力和峰值质点振动速度透射总体呈下降趋势，但在 45°至 60°之间回升，其中 45°左右为爆破最有利条件。数值裂纹网
络重建和图像处理结果表明，随着节理倾角的增加，试样中产生的垂直裂纹增加，水平裂纹有所减少。
关键词： 爆破模型试验；节理岩体；应力波；爆破块度分布
中图分类号： O346; O389 国标学科代码： 13015; 13035 文献标志码： A

Influence of filled joints with different inclination angles
on rock blasting fragmentation

1
2
1
1
TAO Ming , CAO Zheng , ZHAO Rui , LIU Yulong , LI Xibing 1
（1. School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China;
2. CGNPC Uranium Resources Co., Ltd., Beijing 100029, China）
Abstract: To understand the interaction between joints and blasting stresses and optimizing blasting parameters in jointed
rock, the impact of different joint inclinations on blasting fragmentation was studied through a combination of tests and
numerical simulations. In this study, a group of concrete model specimens containing joints with different angles was used in
the blasting tests to investigate the effect of joint inclination on blast fragmentation. During tests, detonators were placed in
vertical boreholes in the specimens and detonated, while high-speed camera was used to capture the fragmentation process. The
dynamic responses of joint surfaces at different time intervals after detonation was observed, and blasting fragmentation
distribution was extracted using image processing techniques. The effect of joint inclination on blasting fragmentation was
analyzed. The propagation of stress waves and the evolution of strain fields within the specimens was obtained in finite element
numerical simulations by using LS-DYNA. Experimental and numerical results indicated that the joints have a significant
influence on the distribution of blasting fragmentation and the propagation of stress waves. The impact of the joints on the
blasting performance was mainly attributed to the reflection of blasting waves from the joints, which was related to the
deformation characteristics of the joints. With the increase of joint inclination, the blasting fragmentation initially decreased
followed by an increase. The effective stress and peak particle velocity transmission in the joints decreased overall with the
increase of joint inclination, but showed a rebound between 45° and 60°. This suggests approximately 45° is the most favorable
condition for rock fragmentation under blasting. Moreover, the results obtained from numerical crack network reconstruction

* 收稿日期： 2024-10-29；修回日期： 2025-04-22
基金项目： 国家自然科学基金（12072376）；
第一作者： 陶 明（1982－ ），男，博士，教授，mingtao@csu.edu.cn

061432-1