Page 74 - 《爆炸与冲击》2025年第5期

第 45 卷 汤长兴，等： 钢纤维增强多孔混凝土板水下接触爆炸防爆机理及损伤等级预测 第 5 期

坏形态与现场试验结果进行对比，二者吻合度较好，证实了采用该方法开展水下爆炸模拟分析的有效性
与准确性。
(2) 增设钢纤维增强多孔混凝土防护层能够有效削弱爆炸产生的冲击波，明显减小 RC 板的毁伤程
度，当防护层材料配比为 SAP10S15 时，消波耗能效果最优。增设 SAP10S15 防护层时，相同炸药量下
RC 的爆坑直径与背爆面最大延伸裂缝相较于无防护方案下分别下降 80.3% 和 27.3%。随着炸药量的增
加，RC 板上表面的爆坑直径逐渐增大并出现多道环向裂纹，背爆面中心剥落损伤区域及裂缝延伸长度
均明显扩大。
(3) 对不同配比钢纤维增强多孔混凝土板的抗爆防护效果进行了评价。随着钢纤维体积分数的增加，
RC 板的失效体积率先减小后增大，而防护层的耗能占比先增大后减小。当防护层配比为 SAP10S15 时，
其水下抗爆性能最优。当炸药量同为 0.25 kg 时，经 SAP10S15 配比防护层加固后 RC 板的失效体积率相
较于无防护方案衰减了 33.9%。随着炸药量的增大，RC 板的失效体积率增加，而防护层仍维持在较高的
吸能水平，达到 80% 左右。SAP10S15 配比防护方案具有良好的消波吸能特性，能够用于涉水建筑物的
抗爆防护。
(4) 基于损伤程度构建的 RC 板损伤等级预测曲线，可以快速准确地预估增设不同配比钢纤维增强
多孔混凝土防护层 RC 板的损伤程度，可为钢纤维增强多孔混凝土材料的抗爆防护应用及防爆设计提供
理论参考。

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