Page 121 - 《爆炸与冲击》2025年第5期
P. 121
第 45 卷 第 5 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 45, No. 5
2025 年 5 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES May, 2025
DOI:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0229
破碎浮冰环境下结构物倾斜入水
空泡演化特性实验研究 *
杨 帅 ,鹿 麟 ,胡彦晓 ,杨 哲 ,陈凯敏 1
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(1. 中北大学机电工程学院,山西 太原 030051;
2. 重庆长安望江工业(集团)有限责任公司,重庆 401120;
3. 内蒙航天动力机械测试所,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010076)
摘要: 为探究破碎浮冰覆盖密度对结构物入水空泡演化的影响,利用高速摄影技术开展了不同破碎浮冰覆盖密
度下结构物倾斜入水实验。通过对比不同碎冰覆盖密度工况下的结构物倾斜入水过程,获得了碎冰覆盖密度对结构
物倾斜入水空泡演化特性的影响规律。结果表明:与无冰环境相比,当空泡扩张时,破碎浮冰通过阻碍液面流体向外
扩张,致使空泡直径减小;而空泡闭合时,碎冰会阻碍液面流体向内收缩,延长空泡扩张时间,此时空泡内空气总量增
加,空泡内外压差减小,最终导致空泡闭合延迟。碎冰覆盖密度较小的工况在空泡溃灭时会出现指向空泡内部的射
流。随着碎冰覆盖密度的逐渐增大,其对液面流体向内收缩的阻碍作用逐渐增强,进一步延迟了空泡的闭合时间,空
泡的长度和最大直径也相应增大。此外,碎冰覆盖密度较大的工况下,流体的无规则冲击使得空泡壁出现褶皱。随着
结构物入水深度的增加,空泡在环境压力作用下会出现深颈缩现象;随着碎冰覆盖密度的逐渐增大,结构物的水下运
动速度相较于无冰环境呈现更快的衰减趋势。
关键词: 碎冰环境;倾斜入水;入水实验;空泡演化;结构物
中图分类号: O354; TJ012.3 国标学科代码: 13025 文献标志码: A
Experimental study on cavity evolution characteristics of an oblique
water-entry structure in crushed floating ice environment
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YANG Shuai , LU Lin , HU Yanxiao , YANG Zhe , CHEN Kaimin 1
(1. School of Mechatronics Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi, China;
2. Chongqing Changan Wangjiang Industry (Group) Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401120, China;
3. Inner Mongolia Aerospace Power Machinery Testing Institute, Hohhot 010076, Inner Mongolia, China)
Abstract: To investigate the influence of the density of crushed ice region on the cavity evolution of a structure, an oblique
water-entry experiment of the structure was conducted by high-speed photography technology under different crushed ice
cover densities. Moreover, by comparing the water-entry process of the oblique structure in varying densities of crushed ice
cover, the influence of crushed ice cover density on cavity evolution during the oblique water-entry process of the structure was
obtained. Results indicate that during the cavity expansion, the presence of crushed ice reduces the cavity diameter by
impeding the outward expansion of the fluid near the free surface, compared with the ice-free environment. When the cavity
closes, crushed ice also impedes the inward contraction of the free surface fluid and prolongs the cavity expansion time. The
augmentation in the total volume of air within the cavity results in a decrement of the pressure differential between the inside
and outside of the cavity, ultimately leading to a retardation in the cavity closure time. In conditions of lower crushed ice
* 收稿日期: 2024-07-11;修回日期: 2024-09-02
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(52201385);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2024-114)
第一作者: 杨 帅(2000- ),男,硕士研究生,yangshuai_@163.com
通信作者: 鹿 麟(1988- ),男,博士,副教授,lulin2016@nuc.edu.com
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