Page 205 - 《软件学报》2020年第9期

软件学报 ISSN 1000-9825, CODEN RUXUEW E-mail: jos@iscas.ac.cn
Journal of Software,2020,31(9):2826−2854 [doi: 10.13328/j.cnki.jos.006087] http://www.jos.org.cn
©中国科学院软件研究所版权所有. Tel: +86-10-62562563

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基于信息检索的缺陷定位:问题、进展与挑战

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郭肇强 , 周慧聪 , 刘释然 , 李言辉 , 陈 林 , 周毓明 , 徐宝文 1,2
1
(计算机软件新技术国家重点实验室(南京大学),江苏 南京 210023)
2 (南京大学 计算机科学与技术系,江苏 南京 210023)
通讯作者: 李言辉, 周毓明, E-mail: {yanhuili, zhouyuming}@nju.edu.cn

摘 要: 缺陷的存在,会影响软件系统的正常使用甚至带来重大危害.为了帮助开发者尽快找到并修复这些缺陷,
研究者提出了基于信息检索的缺陷定位方法.这类方法将缺陷定位视为一个检索任务,它为每个缺陷报告生成一份
按照程序实体与缺陷相关度降序排序的列表.开发者可以根据列表顺序来审查代码,从而降低审查成本并加速缺陷
定位的进程.近年来,该领域的研究工作十分活跃,在改良定位方法和完善评价体系方面取得了较大进展.与此同时,
为了能够在实践中更好地应用这类方法,该领域的研究工作仍面临着一些亟待解决的挑战.对近年来国内外学者在
该领域的研究成果进行系统性的总结:首先,描述了基于信息检索的缺陷定位方法的研究问题;然后,分别从模型改
良和模型评估两方面陈述了相关的研究进展,并对具体的理论和技术途径进行梳理;接着,简要介绍了缺陷定位的其
他相关技术;最后,总结了目前该领域研究过程中面临的挑战并给出建议的研究方向.
关键词: 信息检索;缺陷定位;软件维护;缺陷报告
中图法分类号: TP311

中文引用格式: 郭肇强,周慧聪,刘释然,李言辉,陈林,周毓明,徐宝文.基于信息检索的缺陷定位:问题、进展与挑战.软件学报,
2020,31(9):2826−2854. http://www.jos.org.cn/1000-9825/6087.htm
英文引用格式: Guo ZQ, Zhou HC, Liu SR, Li YH, Chen L, Zhou YM, Xu BW. Information retrieval based bug localization:
Research problem, progress, and challenges. Ruan Jian Xue Bao/Journal of Software, 2020,31(9):2826−2854 (in Chinese).
http://www. jos.org.cn/1000-9825/6087.htm

Information Retrieval Based Bug Localization: Research Problem, Progress, and Challenges

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GUO Zhao-Qiang , ZHOU Hui-Cong , LIU Shi-Ran , LI Yan-Hui , CHEN Lin , ZHOU Yu-Ming ,
XU Bao-Wen 1,2
1
(State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology (Nanjing University), Nanjing 210023, China)
2
(Department of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China)
Abstract: Bugs can affect the normal usage of a software system or even bring huge damages. In order to facilitate developer to find
and fix bugs as soon as possible, information retrieval based bug localization techniques have been proposed. This kind of techniques
regards bug localization as a task of text retrieval. Specifically, for a given bug report, a rank list of code entities in a descending order is
provided according to relevance score between code entity and the bug. Developers can select entities in the rank from top to bottom,
which helps reducing the review cost and accelerating the process of bug localization. In recent years, a great progress has been achieved
in information retrieval based bug localization techniques. Nevertheless, it is still challenging to apply them in practice. This survey offers
a systematic overview of recent research achievements in information retrieval based bug localization techniques. First, the research
problem is introduced in information retrieval-based bug localization. Then, the current main research work is described in detail. After

∗ 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB1003901); 国家自然科学基金(61772259, 61872177)
Foundation item: National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFB1003901); National Natural Science
Foundation of China (61772259, 61872177)
收稿时间: 2020-01-07; 修改时间: 2020-03-10; 采用时间:2020-05-18; jos 在线出版时间: 2020-06-08