Page 59 - 《渔业研究》2025年第3期

316 渔 业 研 究 第 47 卷

Proteomics of Skeletonema costatum under pollution stress by
petroleum hydrocarbons

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CHEN Caizhen ，XU Cuiya ，YANG Fang ，CHEN Yufeng ，XU Yibin ，ZHENG Shenghua ，
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JIANG Liangrong ，LUO Donglian 1*
(1. Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province,
Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen 361013, China;
2. Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China)
Abstract: [Objective] Petroleum hydrocarbons have significant toxic effects on aquatic ecosystems, mainly
manifested in the harm to marine life, impact on the photosynthesis of marine microalgae, and disruption of
marine ecological balance. Skeletonema costatum is sensitive to toxic substances, easily obtainable, small in
size, and reproduces quickly, allowing for the assessment of the impact of toxic substances on many genera-
tions and population levels of S. costatum in a short time, making it an excellent test organism. This study aims
to investigate the changes in the proteomics of S. costatum under pollution stress caused by petroleum hydrocar-
bons. [Methods] This study employed isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) in combina-
tion with reverse-phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (RPLC-MS) to analyze the differential pro-
teomic changes in S. costatum resulting from chronic and acute toxicity treatments with petroleum hydrocar-
bons. [Results] Compared with the control group, 112 and 169 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were
identified in the chronic and acute toxicity treatment groups, respectively, there were 40 overlapping DEPs
between the two groups, with 20 of these proteins localized to the chloroplasts. The upregulated DEPs shared
five common significantly enriched (P<0.05) gene ontology (GO) terms: carbohydrate derivative metabolic
process, carbohydrate derivative biosynthetic process, inorganic diphosphatase activity, glutamine-fructose-
6-phosphate transaminase (isomerization) activity, and carbohydrate derivative binding. However, there were
no common significantly enriched pathways. The downregulated DEPs shared two common significantly en-
riched (P<0.05) GO terms: ATP hydrolysis coupled to proton transport and proton-translocating ATPase (V1
domain). Additionally, two common significantly enriched (P<0.05) pathways were identified: ductal acid se-
cretion pathway and antibiotic biosynthesis pathway. The heat shock protein (protein ID: 220971590), which
was related to toxicity response, was significantly upregulated (P<0.05) after chronic and acute toxicity treat-
ments. [Conclusion] The DEPs identified in S. costatum under petroleum hydrocarbon pollution stress are re-
lated to the stress response mechanisms of petroleum hydrocarbons. This study lays the foundation for under-
standing the toxicological mechanisms of petroleum hydrocarbons at the molecular level.
Key words: petroleum hydrocarbons; Skeletonema costatum; pollution stress; proteomics; differentially expressed
proteins (DEPs)