Page 137 - 《渔业研究》2025年第3期

394 渔 业 研 究 第 47 卷

Research progress in aquaculture wastewater treatment technologies

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LUO Songsong ，ZHUO Zesheng ，HU Songkai ，PENG Conghui ，CHEN Baohong 1,2* ，LIN Feng 2*
(1. Applied Technology Engineering Center of Fujian Provincial Higher Education for Marine Resource Protection and Ecological
Governance, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Intelligent Fishery, School of Marine Biology,
Xiamen Ocean Vocational College, Xiamen 361100, China;
2. Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China;
3. College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China)

Abstract: [Background] With the rapid expansion of the aquaculture industry, the impact of the resulting
aquaculture wastewater on the environment, human production and life has become increasingly significant.
Wastewater contains nutrients, pathogens and other harmful substances, if wastewater discharge directly without
proper treatment, it will not only contaminate water bodies and disrupt the ecological balance, but also pose po-
tential threats to human health. Therefore, the effective treatment of aquaculture wastewater has become a focal
issue of concern both within and outside the industry. [Progress] Currently, aquaculture wastewater treatment
technologies mainly include physical treatment, chemical treatment, biological treatment, and their combined
treatment technologies. Due to differences in their treatment mechanisms, these technologies exhibit varied re-
moval efficiencies for various pollutants. This review first introduces the composition of pollutants in aquacul-
ture wastewater and their impacts on ecosystems, then describes a detailed analysis of the treatment mechan-
isms, advantages, and problems of each type of treatment technology. [Outlook] In the future, wastewater
treatment will further evolve towards intelligence, greenness, and integration. Further research is needed on how
to achieve maximum pollutant removal through combined treatment methods while balancing economic bene-
fits and environmental protection factors. [Significance] Conducting in-depth research and development on
aquaculture wastewater treatment technologies are of great significance for reducing environmental pollution
during aquaculture processes, maintaining aquatic ecological balance, and also provides technical support and
theoretical references for promoting the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry.
Key words: wastewater treatment; aquaculture; technology; existing problems