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2 期 梁耀威，等：站位设计对北部湾产卵场海域渔业资源密度评估的影响 50 卷

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Impact of station design on the assessment of fishery resource density in

the spawning grounds of the Beibu Gulf

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1,2*
LIANG Yaowei , LI Zhonglu , FENG Bo 1,2
(1. College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China;
2. Guangdong Provincial Far Sea Fisheries Management and Fishing Engineering Technical Research Center,
Zhanjiang 524088, China)

Abstract: Independent fishery surveys serve as a crucial pathway to ascertain the status of fishery resources within aquatic ger-
mplasm resource conservation areas. A well-designed sampling approach makes it possible to not only reduce the disturbance
to fishery resources but also mitigate potential adverse effects on the ecosystem. We used fisheries data from single-vessel bot-
tom trawl surveys conducted in the northern Beibu Gulf. The survey times including six voyages: spring (May) and autumn
(September) of 2014, spring (April) and autumn (September) of 2018, autumn (November) of 2020, and spring (March) of
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2021. We selected fish, cephalopods, shrimp, and crabs as our subjects of study. The resource density (kg/km ) of these groups
was the target for our investigation, aiming to analyze the stability of the current station design over time. Additionally,
we employed the ordinary kriging (OK) interpolation method to simulate the "true" distribution of resource densities for
different biological communities. Based on this, the study established a simulation framework with six sampling designs:
simple random sampling (D1), stratified random sampling by depth (D2), stratified random sampling by conservation area
characteristics (D3), stratified random sampling by conservation area geographical boundaries (D4), stratified random
sampling combining depth and geographical boundaries (D5), and stratified random sampling with a 30′×30′ spatial resol-
ution (D6). These designs were evaluated using the design effect (deff), relative estimation error (REE), and relative bias
(RB) to assess their accuracy and precision in population estimates. First, the research found that the current station
design (D6) was robust to temporal variation and station number, demonstrating stable performance in estimating
resource density for all four taxa. When a comparable number of stations is deployed, the D6 scheme yields consistently
lower REE and deff values than designs D1 to D5. Although the RB values for cephalopods and crabs estimated with D6
was sometimes high (RB>8), D6 still exhibits better temporal stability than D1 through D5. Second, different station
designs showed different trends in REE as the number of stations increased. The REE of D1 through D5 consistently
declined, whereas D6 did not exhibit a clear, consistent trend of either decline or increase. Third, the survey accuracy of
different station designs is closely related to the spatial distribution of the taxa. Since the distribution of some taxa does
not consistently follow isobaths over time, D2 is deficient in temporal stability. Our study indicate that D3 should be

中国水产学会主办 sponsored by China Society of Fisheries https://www.china-fishery.cn
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