Page 164 - 《软件学报》2026年第5期

软件学报 ISSN 1000-9825, CODEN RUXUEW E-mail: jos@iscas.ac.cn
2026,37(5):2043−2062 [doi: 10.13328/j.cnki.jos.007436] [CSTR: 32375.14.jos.007436] http://www.jos.org.cn
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面向两阶段分组的测试用例优先级排序方法

钱忠胜, 秦朗悦, 范赋宇, 付庭峰

(江西财经大学 计算机与人工智能学院, 江西 南昌 330032)
通信作者: 钱忠胜, E-mail: changesme@163.com

摘 要: 测试用例优先级排序方法 TCP 在缓解测试开销方面备受关注. 基于不同优先级策略的贪心算法是 TCP 中
常用的方法. 然而, 现有基于贪心算法的 TCP 技术多使用单一的排序策略, 且每轮迭代排序过程一次性考虑全部测
试用例, 而未关注用例间的关系, 导致在覆盖信息和排序方面的处理上耗时过长, 极大地降低了排序效率. 同时, 在
单一的排序策略中, Additional 策略得到广泛研究, 但其受随机因素影响较大, 当出现平局时, 通常会随机选择待排
用例, 影响排序的有效性. 基于此, 提出一种面向两阶段分组的测试用例优先级排序方法 TPG-TCP. 第 1 阶段进行
粗粒度测试用例分组, 通过挖掘用例间的隐藏关系, 将它们分为关键用例组和普通用例组, 为下一阶段采用多样性
策略排序做准备, 以提高排序效率. 第 2 阶段进行细粒度测试用例分组排序, 根据迭代次数将关键用例分组, 为减
少 Additional 策略中随机因素的干扰, 提出基于用例潜力度的 TP-Additional 策略对一部分关键用例排序, 同时采
用简单高效的 Total 策略对普通用例与另一部分关键用例排序, 将排序结果追加至 TP-Additional 策略的排序结果
中, 在排序有效性提升的同时也提高了效率. 通过与 8 种相关方法在 6 个数据集上的对比结果发现, 所提方法是高
效且可行的, 在 APFD 与 TETC 指标上分别平均提升约 1.29% 和 9.54%.
关键词: 测试用例优先级排序; 两阶段分组; 贪心算法; Additional 策略
中图法分类号: TP311

中文引用格式: 钱忠胜, 秦朗悦, 范赋宇, 付庭峰. 面向两阶段分组的测试用例优先级排序方法. 软件学报, 2026, 37(5): 2043–2062.
http://www.jos.org.cn/1000-9825/7436.htm
英文引用格式: Qian ZS, Qin LY, Fan FY, Fu TF. Test Case Prioritization Approach Based on Two-phase Grouping. Ruan Jian Xue
Bao/Journal of Software, 2026, 37(5): 2043–2062 (in Chinese). http://www.jos.org.cn/1000-9825/7436.htm
Test Case Prioritization Approach Based on Two-phase Grouping

QIAN Zhong-Sheng, QIN Lang-Yue, FAN Fu-Yu, FU Ting-Feng
(School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang 330032, China)
Abstract: Test case prioritization (TCP) has gained significant attention due to its potential to reduce testing costs. Greedy algorithms
based on various prioritization strategies are commonly used in TCP. However, most existing greedy algorithm-based TCP techniques rely
on a single prioritization strategy and process all test cases simultaneously during each iteration, without considering the relationships
between test cases. This results in excessive computational overhead when handling coverage information and performing prioritization,
thus reducing overall efficiency. Among single-strategy approaches, the Additional strategy has been extensively studied but remains highly
sensitive to random factors. When a tie occurs, test cases are typically selected at random, compromising prioritization effectiveness. To
address these issues, a test case prioritization approach based on two-phase grouping (TPG-TCP) is proposed. In the first phase, coarse-
grained grouping is conducted by mining hidden relationships among test cases, thus dividing them into a key group and an ordinary
group. This lays the groundwork for applying diversity-based strategies in the next phase to enhance prioritization efficiency. In the second

* 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金 (62262025); 赣鄱俊才支持计划主要学科学术和技术带头人领军人才项目 (20243BCE51024); 江西省自然
科学基金重点项目 (20224ACB202012)
收稿时间: 2024-12-04; 修改时间: 2025-02-02; 采用时间: 2025-03-23; jos 在线出版时间: 2025-07-30
CNKI 网络首发时间: 2025-07-31