Page 233 - 《软件学报》2026年第1期

软件学报 ISSN 1000-9825, CODEN RUXUEW E-mail: jos@iscas.ac.cn
2026,37(1):230−258 [doi: 10.13328/j.cnki.jos.007418] [CSTR: 32375.14.jos.007418] http://www.jos.org.cn
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面向跨地理区域联盟链的事务处理技术综述

彭泽顺 1 , 韩智博 1 , 张岩峰 1 , 李晓华 1 , 于明鹤 2 , 范吉立 3 , 于 戈 1

1
(东北大学 计算机科学与工程学院, 辽宁 沈阳 110169)
2
(东北大学 软件学院, 辽宁 沈阳 110169)
3
(东北大学 信息化建设与网络安全办公室, 辽宁 沈阳 110819)
通信作者: 张岩峰, E-mail: zhangyf@mail.neu.edu.cn

摘 要: 跨地理区域联盟链通过将节点分散部署在多个数据中心, 利用区块链的去中心化、不可篡改和可溯源特
性, 为电子商务、供应链管理和金融等大规模应用提供支持. 然而, 传统联盟链在大规模部署时面临着性能、扩展
性和弹性方面的挑战. 现有区块链在共识算法、并发控制和账本分片上提出了多种方案解决上述挑战. 首先, 分别
基于网络拓扑结构、主节点数量和网络模型对共识算法进行分类, 并探讨共识时的不同通信优化策略. 其次, 讨论
乐观并发控制、依赖图、确定性并发控制和无协调一致性在跨地理区域场景中的优缺点. 然后, 对区块链跨分片
提交协议进行分类, 并分析它们的跨域协调开销. 最后, 指出现有跨域联盟链的技术挑战并给出未来的研究方向.
关键词: 联盟区块链; 跨地理区域部署; 共识算法; 事务处理; 区块链分片
中图法分类号: TP311

中文引用格式: 彭泽顺, 韩智博, 张岩峰, 李晓华, 于明鹤, 范吉立, 于戈. 面向跨地理区域联盟链的事务处理技术综述. 软件学报,
2026, 37(1): 230–258. http://www.jos.org.cn/1000-9825/7418.htm
英文引用格式: Peng ZS, Han ZB, Zhang YF, Li XH, Yu MH, Fan JL, Yu G. Survey on Transaction Processing Technologies for Geo-
distributed Consortium Blockchains. Ruan Jian Xue Bao/Journal of Software, 2026, 37(1): 230–258 (in Chinese). http://www.jos.org.cn/
1000-9825/7418.htm

Survey on Transaction Processing Technologies for Geo-distributed Consortium Blockchains
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PENG Ze-Shun , HAN Zhi-Bo , ZHANG Yan-Feng , LI Xiao-Hua , YU Ming-He , FAN Ji-Li , YU Ge 1
1
(School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China)
2
(Software College, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China)
3
(Information Construction and Network Security Office, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China)
Abstract: Geo-distributed consortium blockchains leverage the characteristics of decentralization, immutability, and traceability to support
large-scale applications such as e-commerce, supply chain management, and finance by distributing nodes across multiple data centers.
However, traditional consortium blockchains face challenges in performance, scalability, and elasticity in large-scale deployment. Existing
blockchains have proposed various approaches in consensus algorithms, concurrency control, and ledger sharding to address the above
challenges. First, consensus algorithms are categorized based on network topology, the number of primary nodes, and network models, and
different communication optimization strategies during consensus are explored. Second, the advantages and disadvantages of optimistic
concurrency control, dependency graph, deterministic concurrency control, and coordination-free consistency in geo-distributed scenarios are
discussed. Next, cross-shard commit protocols for blockchain are categorized, and their cross-region coordination overheads are analyzed.
Finally, the technical challenges of existing geo-distributed consortium blockchains are highlighted, and future research directions are provided.
Key words: consortium blockchain; geo-distributed deployment; consensus algorithm; transaction processing; blockchain sharding

* 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划 (2023YFB4503601); 国家自然科学基金 (62372097, 62072086); 国家社会科学基金 (21&ZD124); 中央高
校基本科研业务费专项资金 (N2116005, N2116008, N2416003)
收稿时间: 2024-04-19; 修改时间: 2024-08-13; 采用时间: 2025-02-19; jos 在线出版时间: 2025-09-10
CNKI 网络首发时间: 2025-09-11