Page 3 - 摩擦学学报2025年第8期

第 45 卷 第 8 期 摩擦学学报（中英文） Vol 45 No 8
2025 年 8 月 Tribology Aug, 2025

DOI: 10.16078/j.tribology.2024156 CSTR: 32261.14.j.tribology.2024156

侯正烜, 孟祥铠, 师博闻, 赵文静, 刘磊, 彭旭东. 涡轮泵动静压机械密封端面液氧相变特性研究[J]. 摩擦学学报（中英文）, 2025,
45(8): 1101−1112. HOU Zhengxuan, MENG Xiangkai, SHI Bowen, ZHAO Wenjing, LIU Lei, PENG Xudong. End face LOX
Phase Change Characteristics of the Hydrodynamic-Hydrostatic Mechanical Seal for Turbopump[J]. Tribology, 2025, 45(8):
1101−1112.

涡轮泵动静压机械密封端面液氧相变特性研究

1*
侯正烜 , 孟祥铠 , 师博闻 , 赵文静 , 刘 磊 , 彭旭东 1
1
2
1
1
(1. 浙江工业大学 机械工程学院，浙江 杭州 310032；
2. 蓝箭航天空间科技股份有限公司，北京 100176)
摘 要: 为研究液体火箭发动机涡轮泵中深冷低黏介质易汽化现象，基于均相沸腾模型建立了1种动静压结合型机
械密封的相变润滑模型，提出了基于有限元的数值求解方法，以液氧为密封介质开展密封端面流体膜的相变特性
分析，研究了工况参数(转速、压力和温度)对密封性能的影响规律，并与经典液相润滑模型进行对比分析. 研究结果
表明：当密封腔内氧为液态时，动静压型机械密封端面液氧相变发生于下游侧密封坝，相较于经典液膜润滑模型，
相变作用下氧的质量泄漏率是液态条件下的10%~20%，相变有助于减小氧的质量泄漏率，增强动静压型机械密封
流体膜的承载能力，由于液氧的相变，端面流体膜开启力与温度间呈现非线性变化规律；研究范围内，螺旋槽槽深
约为12 μm时，动静压结合型端面密封具有较优的开启力和上游泵送率；由于均压槽和静压孔的隔离作用，螺旋槽
和密封坝可进行独立设计. 研究结果可为涡轮泵深冷介质端面密封的设计提供参考.
关键词: 涡轮泵; 深冷介质; 动静压型机械密封; 相变特性; 液氧
中图分类号: TH117.2 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1004-0595(2025)08–1101–12

End face LOX Phase Change Characteristics of the
Hydrodynamic-Hydrostatic Mechanical Seal for Turbopump

1 1* 1 1 2 1
HOU Zhengxuan , MENG Xiangkai , SHI Bowen , ZHAO Wenjing , LIU Lei , PENG Xudong

(1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang Hangzhou 310032, China;
2. Land Space Technology Co, Ltd, Beijing 100176, China)
Abstract: Turbopump is the core component of liquid rocket engine, operating in high speed, low temperature and harsh
environment, its safety and reliability are determined by its sealing system. In the cryogenic environment, the dynamic
viscosity of cryogenic medium such as liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen is low, and it is easy to vaporize phase
transition, which is easy to cause the mechanical seal face deformation, dry grinding and seal instability, which seriously
affects the safety and reliability of turbopumps and even rockets. Aiming at the seal instability problem caused by the
vaporization of cryogenic low-viscosity medium in liquid rocket engine turbopump, a phase change lubrication model of
hybrid hydrodynamic-hydrostatic mechanical seal was established based on the homogeneous boiling model. LOX was
used as the sealing medium to analyze the phase change characteristics of the fluid film between the seal faces, and the
effect of operating conditions on the sealing performance was studied. The effect of working parameters (speed, pressure
and temperature) on sealing performance were studied, and compared with the classical liquid lubrication model. The

Received 18 June 2024, revised 26 August 2024, accepted 27 August 2024, available online 2 January 2025.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: mengxk@zjut.edu.cn, Tel: +86-13082818003.
This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52175193, U2241246).
国家自然科学基金项目(52175193, U2241246)资助.