Page 82 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第6期

第 46 卷 蒋欣利，等： 温压炸药密闭空间内爆炸冲击波与温度场耦合试验研究 第 6 期

药质量与空间结构共同作用。基于温压炸药内爆炸初始温度峰值衰减规律，建立了相应的衰减模型。
(2) 揭示了温压炸药内爆炸冲击波超压峰值与正压冲量的变化规律。冲击波超压峰值的 TNT 等效
当量系数随比例爆距的增大呈下凹双曲线变化，在比例爆距 1.7 m/kg 1/3 时达到最小值 1.43。以该比例爆
距为分界点，建立了冲击波超压峰值的两阶段预测模型，分别描述了温压炸药非理想爆轰效应与铝粉有
氧后燃效应在不同区域对冲击波超压峰值的影响。
(3) 温压炸药内爆炸准静态压力受爆炸产物膨胀与后燃升温共同作用，随装药质量增加呈非线性增
长。以 100 g 装药为基准，200、300、400 g 装药的准静态压力分别增至 2.27、3.21、4.18 倍。准静态压力
的增长速率随装药质量增加而减缓，密闭空间内氧平衡对准静态压力具有显著制约作用。

参考文献：

[1] 陈飞翔, 张国凯, 何勇, 等. 温压炸药隧道内爆炸结构约束对冲击波及爆炸火团的影响规律 [J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2025, 45(12):
122202. DOI: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0486.
CHEN F X, ZHANG G K, HE Y, et al. Influence of tunnel structural confinement on shock wave and fireball generated by
explosion of a thermobaric explosive in a tunnel [J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2025, 45(12): 122202. DOI: 10.11883/
bzycj-2024-0486.
[2] HAHMA A, PALOVUORI K, ROMU H. Experimental studies on metal fueled thermobaric explosives [C]//Proceedings of
the FINNEX 2002 Seminar. Levi, Kittilä: Puolustusvoimien Teknillinen Tutkimuslaitos, Julkaisuja, 2002: 211–218.
[3] MOHAMED A K, MOSTAFA H E, ELBASUNEY S. Nanoscopic fuel-rich thermobaric formulations: chemical composition
optimization and sustained secondary combustion shock wave modulation [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2016, 301:
492–503. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.09.019.
[4] PEUKER J M, LYNCH P, KRIER H, et al. Optical depth measurements of fireballs from aluminized high explosives [J].
Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 2009, 47(9): 1009–1015. DOI: 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2009.04.011.
[5] KIM C K, LAI M C, ZHANG Z C, et al. Modeling and numerical simulation of afterburning of thermobaric explosives in a
closed chamber [J]. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 2017, 18(7): 979–986. DOI: 10.1007/
s12541-017-0115-3.
[6] TÜRKER L. Thermobaric and enhanced blast explosives (TBX and EBX) [J]. Defence Technology, 2016, 12(6): 423–445.
DOI: 10.1016/j.dt.2016.09.002.
[7] 王梓昂, 翟红波, 李芝绒, 等. 不同炸药在圆筒装置内爆炸冲击波载荷传播规律与分布特性 [J]. 弹箭与制导学报, 2019,
39(1): 11–14,20. DOI: 10.15892/j.cnki.djzdxb.2019.01.003.
WANG Z A, ZHAI H B, LI Z R, et al. Study on propagation rules and distribution characteristics of explosion shock wave
loading on different explosives inside cylindrical device [J]. Journal of Projectiles, Rockets, Missiles and Guidance, 2019,
39(1): 11–14,20. DOI: 10.15892/j.cnki.djzdxb.2019.01.003.
[8] 李芝绒, 王胜强, 蒋海燕, 等. 圆筒装置内爆炸压力载荷特性实验研究 [J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2019, 39(10): 102202. DOI:
10.11883/bzycj-2018-0327.
LI Z R, WANG S Q, JIANG H Y, et al. Experimental studies on characteristics of explosion pressure load in cylinder
apparatus [J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2019, 39(10): 102202. DOI: 10.11883/bzycj-2018-0327.
[9] 陈昊, 陶钢. 温压弹在有限空间内爆炸的超压测试和分析 [J]. 爆破器材, 2009, 38(5): 4–7. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-
8352.2009.05.002.
CHEN H, TAO G. The test and analysis on overpressure generated by thermo-baric grenade explosion in limited space [J].
Explosive Materials, 2009, 38(5): 4–7. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8352.2009.05.002.
[10] LI X D, CHEN H J, YIN J P, et al. Corner convergence effect of enclosed blast shock wave and high-pressure range [J].
Applied Sciences, 2022, 12(22): 11341. DOI: 10.3390/app122211341.
[11] 徐维铮, 吴卫国. 后燃烧效应对约束空间内爆炸载荷的影响规律 [J]. 中国舰船研究, 2019, 14(1): 52–58. DOI:
10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.01263.
XU W Z, WU W G. Afterburning effect on blast load in confined space [J]. Chinese Journal of Ship Research, 2019, 14(1):
52–58. DOI: 10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.01263.

061414-12