Page 118 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第4期

第 46 卷 第 4 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 46, No. 4
2026 年 4 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES Apr., 2026

DOI：10.11883/bzycj-2025-0072

负泊松比防爆墙抗爆性分析 *

王千惠，全 冠，李庆华，姚 盼，徐世烺

（浙江大学高性能结构研究所，浙江 杭州 310058）

摘要： 为提升防爆墙的抗爆性能，将负泊松比结构与超高韧性水泥基复合材料（ultra-high toughness cementitious
composites, UHTCC）结合，并通过爆炸试验与数值模拟相结合的方法，分析负泊松比靶板的抗爆性能，证明 UHTCC 负
泊松比靶板的抗爆优越性。首先，利用混凝土 3D 打印技术实现负泊松比结构建造，并通过靶板接触爆炸试验结果验
证有限元模型的可靠性。在此基础上，利用该有限元模型模拟分析了靶板材料、结构、胞元内凹角及实心层厚度占比
等因素对接触爆炸下结构破坏形态与能量消耗的影响。结果表明：(1) 具有高韧性的 UHTCC 靶板抗爆性能显著优于
混凝土靶板；(2) 3 种结构中，负泊松比结构板吸能能力最强，实心板更能保持结构的完整性；(3) 当负泊松比胞元内凹
角为 61°时抗爆性能最优，过小或过大均降低结构抗爆性；(4) 负泊松比结构厚度占靶板总厚度过大时抗爆性能弱，结
构破坏严重，可上下层同时或仅背爆面增加实心层厚度，在有效削弱爆炸冲击波、吸收能量的同时，提高结构完整
性。研究验证了负泊松比 UHTCC 板抗爆性能优越性，并为基于负泊松比结构的防爆墙设计提供了理论依据。
关键词： 负泊松比结构；超高韧性水泥基复合材料；爆炸荷载；抗爆性能
中图分类号： O383 国标学科代码： 13035 文献标志码： A

Analysis of explosion resistance of the blast wall with
negative Poisson’s ratio structure

WANG Qianhui, QUAN Guan, LI Qinghua, YAO Pan, XU Shilang
（Institute of Advanced Engineering Structures, Zhejing University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China）

Abstract: To improve the explosion resistance of the blast wall, it is proposed to combine the negative Poisson’s ratio
structure with ultra-high toughness cementitious composites (UHTCC), Through a combination of the explosion experiment
and numerical simulation, the anti-explosive property of negative Poisson’s ratio slabs has been studied, to prove the
superiority of the anti-explosive properties of the negative Poisson’s ratio UHTCC slabs. Firstly, a negative Poisson’s ratio
structural slab was constructed using concrete 3D printing technology and optimizing the printing path, which verified the
constructability of the negative Poisson’s ratio structural slab, and the negative Poisson’s slab was subjected to a contact
explosion test. Using LS-DYNA software, a finite element model of fluid-solid coupling was established according to the
explosion test conditions, and the finite element model was verified by comparison of the slab damage pattern in the contact
explosion test and the simulation. On this basis, the verified finite element model was used to simulate and analyze the effects
of different materials (concrete and UHTCC), structures (negative Poisson's ratio structure, positive Poisson’s ratio structure,
and solid structure), cell concave angles, and solid layer thickness ratios on the anti-explosive properties of negative Poisson’s
structural slabs under contact explosion. By comparing the slab damage patterns and the ability of energy absorption, which
was determined by the value of the air overpressure behind the slabs, the design of a negative Poisson’s ratio structure target
plate with the best anti-explosive properties was obtained. The results show that: (1) due to the high toughness, the explosion

* 收稿日期： 2025-03-10；修回日期： 2025-05-13
基金项目： 国家自然科学基金（52225803）
第一作者： 王千惠（2000－ ），女，硕士研究生，22212047@zju.edu.cn
通信作者： 全 冠（1988－ ），女，博士，研究员，guan.quan@zju.edu.cn

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